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中国直面减少煤炭使用量之痛(中英双语)

青岛希尼尔翻译咨询有限公司(www.sinosenior.com)整理发布  2015-10-30

  

青岛希尼尔翻译公司(www.sinosenior.com)2015年10月30日了解到:作为世界上最大的煤炭使用者,中国正在忽然减少煤炭燃烧量,这一转变和使用煤炭对大气层巨大的影响以及潜在全球变暖进程有关。China, the world’s biggest user of coal, is suddenly burning less of it, a change with enormous implications for the state of the atmosphere and the potential course of global climate change.
  The shift has been both abrupt and unexpected, bringing fresh credibility to China’s pledge to rein in its greenhouse gas emissions, now also the highest level in the world. Blamed in the West for the failure of the last global climate change talks, in Copenhagen in 2009, China is setting itself up to play a constructive role at the next round of discussions, in Paris later this year.
  这一转变很唐突,也很始料未及,使得人们再次相信中国践行控制温室气体排放的誓言,中国拥有世界上最高的温室气体排放量。在2009年哥本哈根的上一届全球气候改变会谈上,中国因为没有信守诺言而被西方责备,中国正在努力使自己在明年于巴黎举行的下一轮谈判中充当建设性的角色。
  As recently as 2010, China added as much coal-fired electricity generation capacity in a single year as exists in all of Germany. It took China’s slowing economy, a slump in heavy industry and unprecedented moves by the Communist Party to curb choking levels of air pollution to produce the drop-off in coal consumption, which began in 2014 and has continued this year.
  2010年,中国单年新增的燃煤发电量就和德国全国数量一致。中国共产党为了控制令人窒息的空气污染状况,从2014年开始采取前所未有的行动-减少煤炭消费量,2015年继续推行这一政策,这使得中国经济增长速度放缓,重工业下降。
  Still, the idea that China might be transformed from the world’s smoke-belching factory into a cleaner, more high-tech place remains a distant prospect — even with the advent of a new cap-and-trade system that President Xi Jinping has promised to put in place by 2017.
  同样,中国可能把世界烟雾缭绕的工厂转变为更清洁、更高科技的场所这一想法仍然遥不可及,即便习近平主席承诺2017年开始推行新颁布的总量管制和交易制度。
  Getting to a greener economy will require China to find alternative energy sources on a monumental scale. The nation must transform its economy without greatly increasing the unemployment rate in places such as the coal fields of the north, something that could undermine the Communist Party’s hold on power.、
  为了获得更加绿色的经济,中国需要寻求可替代的能源。中国必须转变它的经济,并且不会造成北部煤矿失业率增加,失业率的增高会破坏中国共产党的统治力。
  “I was traditionally, honestly extraordinarily pessimistic about all this, if you had asked me two or three years ago,” said Mikkal Herberg, director of the Energy Security Program at the Seattle-based National Bureau of Asian Research. “It is only in the last year or two that I have actually begun to believe they can do some of the things they are promising to do.”
  西雅图国家亚洲研究局能源安全计划部主任Mikkal Herberg说,“如果在两三年以前问我,我对此很悲观。也就是在近两年,我真正开始相信,他们可以做他们所承诺的一切”。
  As China became the world’s industrial powerhouse, its demand for electricity soared, rising nearly 17-fold from 1980 to 2012. The nation burned coal as if there was no tomorrow, and its greenhouse gas emissions rose past those of the United States nearly a decade ago.
  随着中国成为世界工业强国,它对于电力的需求量增加了,自1980年到2012年,需求量增长了将近17倍。整个国家像是明天就是末日一样燃烧煤炭,它的温室气体排放量的增长大约在十年前就超过了美国。
  But with heavy industry slumping and the economy becoming ever less energy-intensive, the growth in electricity demand has been flat this year and is expected to average a relatively modest 4 percent a year between now and 2020.
  但是伴随着重工业的衰退和能源密集型经济的减少,今年的电量需求持平,并且预计从今年到2020年,每年增长量仅有4%。
  For coal, the turnaround is more significant. Coal use, which had risen by more than 9 percent a year in the decade to 2011, fell by 2.9 percent last year, as the industrial economy faltered. The decline has continued this year.
  对煤炭而言,这一转折意义深远。在2011年之前的十年,煤炭的使用量每年增幅超过9%,去年,由于工业经济停滞不前,煤炭使用量下跌2.9%。这一下跌趋势今年将继续。
  Experts point out that heavy rainfall boosted hydropower generation last year, and that a number of new coal-fired power stations will come online in the next two years. Nevertheless, there is a growing sense that a fundamental change is taking place, because of an aggressive shift into cleaner fuels, slower economic growth that has hit heavy industry hardest, and a conscious transition away from high-polluting industries that used a lot of coal and electricity.
  专家指出,去年大规模的降雨使得水力发电兴盛,未来两年,很多新的燃煤发电站将会投入使用。然而,由于对清洁能源的迅速转变,经济增长放缓对重工业的打击和远离使用煤炭和电力的高污染工业的意识形成,一种根本的转变正在发生。来源:华盛顿邮报


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