克里：巴黎气候协议将不具法律约束力（中英双语）
青岛希尼尔翻译咨询有限公司（www.sinosenior.com）整理发布 2015-11-12
青岛希尼尔翻译公司（www.sinosenior.com）2015年11月12日了解到：美国国务卿约翰?克里(John
Kerry)警告称，巴黎气候谈判不会达成一项从法律上要求各国减排的“条约”，这暴露出国际社会对于如何执行协议的分歧。John Kerry,
the US secretary of state, has warned that the Paris climate change
talks will not deliver a “treaty” that legally requires countries to cut
carbon emissions, exposing international
divisions over how to enforce a deal.
长期以来，欧盟(EU)和许多其他国家一直主张将于下月敲定的气候协议应该是一项“国际条约”，包含具有法律约束力的措施以减少温室气体排放。
The EU and many other countries have long argued that the accord due to
be finalised next month should be an “international treaty” containing
legally binding measures to cut emissions.
但在因海平面上升的前景而受到威胁的弗吉尼亚诺福克(Norfolk)海军基地，接受英国《金融时报》采访的克里坚称，这项协议“一定不会成为一项条约”。
But in an interview with the Financial Times at Norfolk naval base in
Virginia, which is threatened by the prospect of rising sea levels, Mr
Kerry insisted that the agreement was “definitively not going to be a
treaty”. 他表示，协议仍将包含拉动“巨额投资”，以促成低碳全球经济的措施。
It would still contain measures that would drive a “significant amount
of investment” towards a low carbon
他提及1997年的联合国气候公约，补充道：“它们不会是诸如《京都议定书》(Kyoto
Protocol)之类具有法律约束力的减排目标。”《京都议定书》包含了各国签署批准、有法律义务遵守的减排目标。
global economy, he said.
来自195个国家的代表将在巴黎达成一项新的全球气候协议，以替换未能遏制温室气体排放上升的《京都议定书》。美国在《京都议定书》上签字了，但并未批准执行，主要原因是它不要求当今全球最大的碳排放国中国减排。
But he added: “They’re not going to be legally binding reduction targets
like Kyoto or something,” a reference to the 1997 UN treaty that
contained targets for cutting emissions that countries ratifying it were
legally obliged to meet.
巴黎气候协议应该覆盖所有国家。但克里的评论凸显出美国和其他国家在以下问题上的分歧——如何确保这项协议足够强力，能够将巨额投资从化石燃料转向更加清洁的能源。
Delegates from 195 countries are due to finalise a new global climate
accord in Paris that will replace the Kyoto treaty, which failed to stop
emissions rising. The US signed but did not ratify it, largely because
it did not cover China, now the world’s largest carbon polluter.
欧盟委员会(European
Commission)的一位女发言人表示：“对我们和其他许多国家而言，我们希望巴黎气候协议采用议定书或者条约的形式。这是对政治意愿最强大的表达，也为未来提供了可预见性和可持续性。”
The Paris deal is supposed to cover all countries. But Mr Kerry’s
comments underline the differences between the US and other nations over
how to ensure it is robust enough to shift billions of dollars of
investment away from fossil fuels and towards greener energy.
私下里，欧盟官员们承认，奥巴马政府热衷于在巴黎达成一项协议，但不是一项包含具有法律约束力的措施的协议，因为那会加强有关该协议需要抱有敌意的美国参议院批准的主张。
A spokeswoman for the European Commission said: “For us and for many
other countries, we would like the Paris agreement to be in the form of
a protocol or a treaty. That represents the strongest expression of
political will and also for the future it provides predictability and
durability.”
为此，谈判者正试图拟定一项使各方满意的协议。一个选择是，制定具有法律约束力的规则和程序，但不提出实际目标。对于这项协议，近160个国家都在今年做出了气候方面的目标承诺。
Privately, EU officials acknowledge that the Obama administration is
eager for a deal in Paris, but not one with legally binding measures
because these would strengthen arguments the deal needs approval from a
hostile Senate.
考虑到竞选总统的民主党候选人和大多数共和党候选人在应对气候变化的需求和迫切性方面的分歧，在2016年美国总统大选前，这个问题尤为敏感。
To that end, negotiators are trying to craft an agreement that satisfies
all sides. One option is to make its rules and procedures legally
binding, but not the actual targets in many of the climate pledges that
nearly 160 countries have made this year for the deal.
克里表示，目前要判断共和党控制的国会将如何回应一项全球性协议还为时过早。
The issue is particularly sensitive ahead of the 2016 presidential
election given the chasm between the Democrats and most of the
Republicans running for the White House over the need and urgency to
tackle climate change.
尽管他赞扬了中国在试图达成协议方面的努力，但他表示印度等其他一些国家是一个“挑战”，需要更多激励以帮助“把他们团结过来”。
Mr Kerry said it was too early to tell how the Republican-controlled
Congress would respond to a global deal. 译者/许雯佳
While he praised China’s role in trying to reach an agreement, he said
some other countries, such as India, were a “challenge” and needed more
encouragement to help “bring them along”.
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