Rock names: Chinese–English reference

（词汇与使用的环境有密切关系，仅供参考）

1. topsoil [＇tɔpsɔil] 表层土和积土层

2.earth surface [ə:θ] [＇sə:fis] 地表

3. loess [＇ləuis] 黄土

4. drift sand [drift] [sænd] 流砂层

5. sand bed [sænd] [bed] 砂层

6. silt bed 粉砂层

7. clay 粘土;

8. clayey sand 粘土质砂;

9. kaoline [＇keiəlin] 高岭土

10. pebble [＇pebl] 中砾; 砾石

11. igneous(火成的) gravel [＇iɡniəs] [＇ɡrævəl] 火成砾岩

12. surface interval [＇sə:fis] [＇intəvəl] 地表井段

13. gravel [＇ɡrævəl] 砾; 砾石层; 砂砾

14. limestone gravel [＇laim,stəun] [＇ɡrævəl] 灰岩砾岩

15. limestone gravel bed 灰岩砾石层

16. siliceous gravel [si＇liʃəs] [＇ɡrævəl] 硅质砾岩

17. basaltic gravel [＇bæsɔ:ltik] [＇ɡrævəl] 玄武质砾岩

18. gravel bed 砾石层

19. breccia [＇bretʃə] 角砾

20. sandy gravel [＇sændi] [＇ɡrævəl] 砂砾（砂质砾岩）

21. calcigravel 钙砾

22. blocky limestone calcigravel 灰岩块钙砾

23. gypsum gravel [＇dʒipsəm] [＇ɡrævəl] 石膏砾

24. conglomerate sand 含砾砂层

25. sandy gravel bed 砂砾层

26. gravel-bearing siltstone 粉砂岩含砾

27. mud pebble [mʌd] [＇pebl] 泥砾

28. silty gravel [＇silti] [＇ɡrævəl] 粉砂砾岩

29. clayey gravel 泥砾

30. pebbled sandy chalk 砂质白垩土含砾石

31. limy gravel bearing claystone 泥岩含灰砾

32. sand ginger 砂姜

33. coarse sand 粗砂

34. medium sand 中砂

35. friable sand 散砂

36. drifting sand 流沙

37. fine sand 细砂

38. silt 粉砂

39. argillaceous silt 泥质粉砂

40. clay sand 粘质砂土

41. clayey silt 粘土质粉砂

42. sandy clay 砂质粘土

43. silty clay 粉砂质粘土

44. plant accumulative formation 植物堆积层

45. humus layer 腐植土层

46. land accretion 填筑土

47. boulderstone 巨砾岩

48. chat 燧石砾岩

49. basaltic conglomerate 玄武质砾石

50. lava breccia 火山角砾岩

51. cobblestone 粗砾岩

52. pebblestone 中砾岩

53. conglomerate 砾岩

54. oil cut conglomerate 油浸砾岩

55. microconglomerate 细砾岩

56. small congl 小砾岩

57. gompholite 泥砾岩

58. andesitic breccia 安山质角砾岩

59. andesitic glutenite 安山质砂砾岩

60. feldspar breccia 长石角砾岩

61. limy conglomerate 灰质砾岩

62. lapillistone 火山砾岩

63. lime-runbble rock 灰质角砾岩

64. siliceous breccia 矽质角砾岩

65. ferruginous conglomerate 铁质砾岩

66. silico-rudite 硅质砾岩

67. tuffaceous conglomerate 凝灰质砾岩

68. conglomeratic tuffaceous sandstone 凝灰质砂岩砂含砾

69. tuffaceous breccia 凝灰质角砾岩

70. tuffaceous glutenite 凝灰质砂砾岩

71. tuffaceous debris glutenite 凝灰质岩屑砂砾岩

72. glutenite 砂砾岩

73. basal conglomerate 底砾岩

74. dolomitic glutenite 白云质砂砾岩

75. igneous （火成的）gravel bearing glutenite砂砾岩(含火成岩砾)

76. basalt bearing glutenite 含玄武岩砂砾岩

77. sandy small conglomerate 砂质小砾岩

78. sandy inequigranular small-conglomerate 砂质不等粒小砾岩

79. argillaceous small-conglomerate 泥质小砾岩

80. clayey heterogranular small-conglomerate泥质不等粒小砾岩

81. psephitic sandstone 砾状砂岩

82. gritsandstone 粗砂岩

83. medium sandstone 中砂岩

84. sandstone 砂岩

85. medium-grained sandstone 中粒砂岩

86. fine-medium sandstone 细、中砂岩

87. fine sandstone 细砂岩

88. silty fine sandstone 粉细砂岩

89. mud pebble sandstone 泥砾砂岩

90. silt-fine sandstone 粉-细砂岩

91. siltstone 粉砂岩

92. blastoaleuritic 变余粉砂岩

93. argilliferous siltstone 含泥粉砂岩

94. chalky siltstone 白垩土质粉砂岩

95. fine siltstone 细粉砂岩

96. inequigranular sandstone 不等粒砂岩

97. fine-medium-coarse sandstone 细、中、粗砂岩

98. finegranular gritstone 含细粒粗砂岩

99. clastizoic sandstone 含生物砂岩

100. gravel-bearing inequigranular sandstone 含砾不等粒砂岩

101. gravel-bearing calcareous gritstone 含钙含砾粗砂岩

102. pebbled sandstone 含砾砂岩

103. gravel-bearing fine-coarse sandstone细-粗砂岩（含砾）

104. argillaceous inequigranular sandstone泥质不等粒砂岩

105. gravel-bearing argillaceous sandstone 含砾泥质砂岩

106. argilliferous sandstone 含泥砂岩

107. tuffaceous pebbled sandstone凝灰质含砾砂岩

108. calciferous sandstone 含钙砂岩

109. chalky argillaceous sandstone 含白垩泥质砂岩

110. blaize 硬砂岩

111. glauconite sandstone 海绿石砂岩

112. quartz sandstone 石英砂岩

113. spiral-shell bearing sandstone 含螺砂岩

114. spiral-shell and gravel bearing sandstone含螺含砾砂岩

115. oolite bearing sandstone 含鲕砂岩

116. oolite bearing calcareous sandstone 含鲕钙质砂岩

117. wacke 玄武质砂岩

118.kaoline sandstone高岭土质砂岩

119. kaoline siltstone 高岭土质粉砂岩

120. kaoline fine sandstone 高岭土质细砂岩

121. gypsum sandstone 石膏质砂岩

122. bertholite 硅质砂岩

123. dolomitic sandstone 白云质砂岩

124. gravel-bearing dolomitic sandstone 白云质含砾砂岩

125. dolomitic fine sandstone 白云质细砂岩

126. dolomitic siltstone 白云质粉砂岩

127. chalky sandstone 白垩土质砂岩

128. igneous gravel bearing sandstone 含火成岩砾砂岩

129. limy siltstone 灰质粉砂岩

130. calciferous siltstone 含钙粉砂岩

131. calciferous silty fine sandstone含钙粉细砂岩

132. calciferous pebbled sandstone 含钙含砾砂岩

133. calciferous argillaceous sandstone含钙泥质砂岩

134. limy sandstone 灰质砂岩

135. inequigranular calciferous gritstone 不等粒含钙粗砂岩

136. ostracode bearing calcareous sandstone含介形虫之钙质砂岩

137. calcareous sandstone钙质砂岩

138. bioclast calcareous sandstone 生物碎屑钙质砂岩

139. spiral-shell bearing limy sandstone含螺灰质砂岩

140. bituminous sandstone沥青质砂岩

141. tuffaceous sandstone 凝灰质砂岩

142. gravel-bearing tuffaceous sandstone凝灰质砂岩（含砾）

143. ferrite sandstone铁质砂岩

144. carbonaceous pyritic sandstone碳质黄铁质砂岩

145. argillaceous sandstone泥质砂岩

146. argillaceous siltstone 泥质粉砂岩

147. phosphoric sandstone 含磷砂岩

148. breccia bearing sandstone含角砾砂岩

149. carbonaceous siltstone 碳质粉砂岩

150. carbonic sandstone 碳质砂岩

151. ferruginous siltstone 铁质粉砂岩

152. ostracode sandstone 介形虫砂岩

153. wormhole sandstone 虫孔砂岩

154. shale 页岩

155. oil shale 油页岩

156. inferior shale劣质页岩

157. ampelite 沥青质页岩

158. inferior oil shale 劣质油页岩

159. calcareous oil shale 钙质油页岩

160. claystone 泥岩

161. argillutyte 粘土岩

162. kaoline argillutyte 高岭土粘土岩

163. mud-making claystone 造浆泥岩

164. soft mudstone 软泥岩

165. clayey brindle claystone 具泥质斑纹泥岩

166. ostracode claystone 介形虫泥岩

167. sandy shale 砂质页岩

168. sand shale 砂页岩

169. gravel-bearing sandy claystone 砂质泥岩(含砾)

170. calciferous sandy claystone 砂质泥岩(含砾)

171. ostracode sandy claystone 含钙砂质泥岩

172. arenaceous shale 砂质页岩

173. silty claystone 粉砂质泥岩

174. silt-bearing claystone 含粉砂泥岩

175. gerollton

176. conglomeratic claystone 含砾泥岩

177. gravel-bearing claystone 泥岩中含砾石

178. gravel-bearing silty claystone 含砾粉砂质泥岩

179. calcareous claystone 钙质泥岩

180. limy soft claystone 灰质软泥岩

181. carbargilite 碳质泥岩

182. inferior carbargilite劣碳质泥岩

183.battie 碳质页岩

184. dolomitic claystone 白云质泥岩

185. gypseous calystone 石膏质泥岩

186. gypsum calystone 膏泥岩

187. halopelite 盐质泥岩

188. chalk-bearing claystone 含白垩质泥岩

189. sesame-caky claystone 芝麻并泥岩

190. glauberite claystone 钙芒硝泥岩

191. bitum claystone 沥青质泥岩

192. siliceous claystone 硅质泥岩

193. siliceous shale 硅质页岩

194. limy shale 灰质页岩

195. calcareous shale 钙质页岩

196. clayey gypsolyte 泥膏岩

197. gypsiferous claystone 含膏泥岩

198. tuffaceous claystone 凝灰质泥岩

199. tuffaceous vitreous claystone 凝灰玻璃质泥岩

200. bauxitic claystone 铝土质泥岩

201. bauxitic shale 铝土质页岩

202. basaltic claystone 玄武质泥岩

203. interlaminated sand shale 砂泥岩薄互层

204. oolite bearing claystone 含鲕泥岩

205. limestone 石灰岩

206. oily limestone 灰岩含油

207. calclithite 碎屑灰岩

208. aphanitic limestone 隐晶质灰岩

209. oil-cut limestone 油浸灰岩

210. lime 灰岩

211. argillaceous limestone 泥质灰岩

212. granophyric limestone 花斑灰岩

213. silicious limestone 硅质灰岩

214. lamprophyric limestone 煌斑灰岩

215. tubulous limestone block 管状灰岩块

216. dolomitic limestone 白云质灰岩

217. wormhole limestone 虫孔灰岩

218. dolomitic cavern limestone 白云质孔洞灰岩

219. oil-patch dolomitic limestone 油斑白云质灰岩

220. sandy dolomitic limestone 含砂白云质灰岩

221. dolomitic arenaceous limestone 白云质砂状灰岩

222. bioclast bearing dolomitic limestone 含生物碎屑白云质灰岩

223. argilliferous dolomitic limestone 含泥白云质灰岩

224. dolomite bearing limestone 含白云石灰岩

225. dolomite 白云岩

226. oil-cut dolomite 油浸白云岩

227. argilliferous silicious dolomite含泥硅质白云岩

228. sandy silicious dolomite含砂硅质白云岩

229. gravel-bearing argillaceous dolomitic含砾泥质白云岩

230. spiral shell bearing dolomitic 含螺化石白云岩

231. limy dolomite 灰质白云岩

232. dolomitic leopard limestone 白云质豹皮灰岩

233. bioclast bearing limy dolomite 含生物碎屑灰质白云岩

234. lime bearing dolomitic 含灰白云岩

235. argilliferous limestone 含泥灰岩

236. marl 泥灰岩

237. limestone gravel and spiral shell bearing malm含灰岩砾石含螺泥灰岩

238. nodule malm 结核泥灰岩

239. spiral shell bearing malm 含介形虫泥灰岩

240. bitumen malm 沥青质泥灰岩

241. silty malm 粉砂质泥灰岩

242. argilliferous dolomite 含泥白云岩

243. argillaceous dolomite 泥质白云岩

244. shaly limestome页状灰岩

245. biolithite 生物灰岩

246. oil-cut biolithite 油浸生物灰岩

247. biologic sandy limestone 生物砂质灰岩

248. bioclastic bearing limestone（含）生物碎屑灰岩

249. sand bearing calclithite 含砂碎屑灰岩

250. argilliferous biolithite 含泥质生物灰岩

251. sand bearing biolithite 含砂生物灰岩

252. arenaceous biolithite 砂质生物灰岩

253. shelly limestone 介壳灰岩

254. spiral shell bearing limestone 含螺灰岩

255. spiral-shell limestone 螺灰岩

256. ostracode limestone 介形虫灰岩

257. breccioid limestone 角砾状灰岩

258. brecciola limestone 角砾石灰岩

259. laminated limestone 薄层状灰岩

260. cavern limestone 溶洞灰岩

261. vuggy limestone 孔洞灰岩

262. cavernous limestone 孔状灰岩

263.wormkalk 竹叶状灰岩

264. edgewise dolomite 竹叶状白云岩

265. pinhole limestone 针孔状灰岩

266. pinhole dolomite 针孔状白云岩

267. leopard limestone 豹皮灰岩

268. chert zebra limestone 燧石条带灰岩

269. chert zebra dolomite 燧石条带白云岩

270. chert nodule limestone 燧石结核灰岩

271. chert nodule dolomite 燧石结核白云岩

272. chert nodule siliceous dolomite 燧石结核硅质白云岩

273. siliceous limestone 硅质灰岩

274. siliceous dolomite 硅质白云岩

275. oolitic limestone 鲕状灰岩

276. arenaceous oolitic limestone 砂质鲕状灰岩

277. ooid-bearing limestone 含鲕灰岩

278. oolitic arenaceous limestone 鲕状砂质灰岩

279. oolitic debris limestone 鲕屑灰岩

280. oolitic dolomite 鲕状白云岩

281. pseudo-oolitic limestone 假鲕状灰岩

282. dolomite breccia 角砾状白云岩

283. sandy limestone 砂质灰岩

284. bioclast sandy limestone 生物碎屑砂质灰岩

285. arenaceous dolomite砂质白云岩

286. gypseous limestone 石膏质灰岩

287. gypseous dolomite 石膏质白云岩

288. anhydrite bearing dolomitie 含硬石膏质白云岩

289. argillaceous zebra limestone 泥质条带灰岩

290. argillaceous zebra dolomite 泥质条带白云岩

291. ampelitic limestone 碳质灰岩

292. crystalline limestone 结晶灰岩

293. limmer 沥青质灰岩

294. knollenkalk 瘤状灰岩

295. chalk bearing limestone 含白垩灰岩

296. algal limestone 藻灰岩

297. algal dolomite 藻云岩

298. silicalite 硅质岩

299. phosphorite 磷块岩

300. bauxitite 铝土岩

301. gravel-bearing bauxitite 含砾铝土岩

302. manganese ore layer 锰矿层

303. pyrite layer 黄铁矿层

304. pyrite crystal class 黄铁矿晶族

305. iron-bed 铁矿层

306. siderite layer 菱铁矿层

307. hematite layer 赤铁矿层

308. coal bed/interbeb 煤层及夹层

309. coal streak 煤线

310. brown coal 褐煤

311. charcoal 木碳

312. coal debris 煤碳碎屑

313. boron bed 硼层

314. barite 重晶石

315. gypsum layer石膏层

316. gypsum 石膏

317. halite 岩盐

318. sylvite 钾岩

319. magniferous halite 含镁岩盐

320. gypsiferous halite 含膏岩盐

321. gypsous salt bed 膏盐层

322. glauberite 钙芒硝岩

323. mamanite 杂卤石

324. chert bed 燧石层

325. chalk soil 白垩土

326. chalkstone 白垩层、白垩

327. limestone weathering crust chalk soil 灰岩风化壳白垩土

328. basal surface chalk soil 风化面白垩土

329. arenaceous chalk 砂质白垩

330. bentonite 膨润土坩子土

331. fault clay 断层泥

332. fault rubble 断层角砾层

333. chert breccia 燧石角砾岩

334. ostracode bed 介形虫层

335. ostracode biolith 介形虫生物岩

336. tuff 凝灰岩

337. acidic irruptive rock 酸性侵入岩

338. ganite 花岗岩

339. neutral irruptive rock 中性侵入岩

340. basis irruptive rock 基性侵入岩

341. diorite 闪长岩

342. syenite 正长岩

343. gabbro 辉长岩

344. norite 苏长岩

345. plagioclasite 斜长岩

346. pyroxenite 辉石岩

347. amphibolite 角闪岩

348. peridotite 橄榄岩

349. ophite 蛇纹岩

350. dioritic porphyry 闪长玢岩

351. lamprophyre 煌斑岩

352. minette 云煌岩

353. pegmatite 伟晶岩

354. volcanic rock 火山岩

355. felsite 霏细岩

356. igneous rock 火成岩

357. volcanoclastic rock 火山碎屑岩

358. volcaniclastic sandstone 火成岩风化成的砂岩

359. acidic effusive rock 酸性喷发岩

360. neutral effusive rock 中性喷发岩

361. basis effusive rock 基性喷发岩

362. rhyolite 流纹岩

363. rhyolite porphyry 流纹斑岩

364..dacite 英安岩

365. dacite porphyry 英安斑岩

366. trachite 粗面岩

367. andesite 安山岩

368. basalt 玄武岩

369. stomatic basalt 玄武岩（带气孔）

370. compacted basalt 玄武岩致密

371. basalt and claystone composite rock玄武岩与泥岩复合岩

372. basaltic debris 玄武岩砾岩

373. dolerite 辉绿岩

374. effusive gravel 喷发岩砾

375. decayed andesite 风化安山岩

376. metamorphite 变质岩

377. slate 板岩

378. phyllite 千枚岩

379. schist 片岩

380. quartzite 石英岩

381. marble 大理岩

382. granite gneiss花岗片麻岩

383. gneiss 片麻岩

384. chlorite slate 绿泥石板岩

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